Retirement

You're the employee and the employer. Contribute as both.

A Solo 401(k) is the best-kept retirement secret in freelancing — two contribution layers that together dwarf any employee plan. See your max for the year.

2026 IRS numbers
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Tax data last updated: July 2026. Sources & methodology

Your numbers

$

1099 income minus business expenses, before retirement contributions.

Max Solo 401(k) contribution, 2026
$38,187

Every pre-tax dollar of it comes off this year's taxable income.

Employee deferral (up to $24,500)
$24,500
Employer share (~20% of adjusted comp)
$13,687
Total you can put away
$38,187

Assumes a sole proprietor or single-member LLC with no employees (spouse on payroll changes the math — in your favor). The employer share is computed on net earnings after half your SE tax, which is why it's 20% here and not the 25% you see quoted for corporations. Not financial advice.

How this is calculated

Layer one is the employee deferral: up to $24,500 in 2026, or your full compensation if it's lower. Layer two is the employer share — as a sole proprietor, that's 20% of your net earnings after subtracting half your self-employment tax. Combined ceiling: $72,000, before catch-up contributions.

The often-quoted "25% employer contribution" applies to corporations paying W-2 wages. For Schedule C filers the same rule works out to 20% of adjusted net earnings — it's the identical formula, just measured against a base that already includes the contribution. Our calculator handles that circularity for you.

Formula
Max = employee deferral + 20% × (net earnings − ½ SE tax)

Related calculators

Common questions

At the same income, the Solo 401(k) almost always allows more, because the $24,500 deferral stacks on top of the same 20% employer share a SEP gives you. The SEP wins on setup simplicity and a later deadline. Run both calculators and compare.
An extra $8,000 from age 50, and under SECURE 2.0 a larger $11,250 “super catch-up” for ages 60–63. Catch-up money sits on top of the regular combined limit.
By December 31 of the tax year — this is the deadline that catches people. Contributions can wait until your filing deadline (extensions included), but the plan itself must exist before the year ends. A SEP IRA, by contrast, can be opened as late as your filing deadline.
Almost none until the account passes $250,000 in assets, at which point you file Form 5500-EZ annually — one page, no fee. Brokerages offer free Solo 401(k) plans; you don't need a paid administrator as a one-person business.